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Breaking NEWz you can UzE... |
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by
Kasey Wertheim |
Put scientists, not cops, in crime labs
Detroit Free Press, United States - Nov 8, 2008
Their task will get even harder if the city finds the funds to complete the audit of the crime lab, including the units that deal with fingerprints, ...
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Recent CLPEX Posting Activity |
Last Week's
Board topics
containing new posts
Moderated by Steve Everist and Charlie Parker |
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Public CLPEX
Message Board
Moderated by Steve Everist
AFIS Suitability
by Charles Parker on Sun Nov 09, 2008 9:46 am 0 Replies 4 Views Last
post by Charles Parker
on Sun Nov 09, 2008 9:46 am
Certification question
by R.H. on Sat Nov 08, 2008 4:03 pm 2 Replies 46 Views Last post by
Charles Parker
on Sun Nov 09, 2008 9:14 am
Big Wullie's Case
by Big Wullie on Fri Nov 07, 2008 11:19 pm 3 Replies 75 Views Last
post by Big Wullie
on Sat Nov 08, 2008 11:55 am
Non Disclosure In Scotland (Discovery)
by Big Wullie on Fri Nov 07, 2008 10:41 pm 0 Replies 37 Views Last
post by Big Wullie
on Fri Nov 07, 2008 10:41 pm
HDR Latent/Evidence Photography
by Boyd Baumgartner on Thu Oct 02, 2008 2:02 pm 2 Replies 263 Views
Last post by bayareacriminalist
on Fri Nov 07, 2008 7:51 pm
non-secretor
by mary ellen holmberg on Thu Nov 06, 2008 8:36 am 3 Replies 180
Views Last post by Michele
on Fri Nov 07, 2008 10:58 am
"Forged" fingerprints
1 ... 5, 6, 7by Pat A. Wertheim on Sun Apr 20, 2008 12:21 pm 98
Replies 15397 Views Last post by Pat A. Wertheim
on Fri Nov 07, 2008 9:09 am
Someone wanna 'splain this to me
by Boyd Baumgartner on Wed Nov 05, 2008 12:21 pm 7 Replies 292 Views
Last post by Gerald Clough
on Thu Nov 06, 2008 1:58 pm
Tribunal for McKie print expert
1, 2, 3by charlton97 on Thu Sep 11, 2008 1:00 am 36 Replies 2430
Views Last post by printlady
on Thu Nov 06, 2008 12:29 pm
Porous item processing question
by Heather Baxter on Wed Nov 05, 2008 4:11 pm 2 Replies 95 Views
Last post by mgirard
on Wed Nov 05, 2008 7:13 pm
Titanium Dioxide for dark non-porous surfaces?
by Amy Miller on Tue Nov 04, 2008 1:33 pm 1 Replies 106 Views Last
post by Michele
on Tue Nov 04, 2008 2:33 pm
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IAI Conference Topics -
Louisville, Kentucky 2008:
Moderator: Steve Everist
No new posts
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Documentation
Documentation issues as they apply to latent prints
Moderator: Charles Parker
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History
Historical topics related to latent print examination
Moderator: Charles Parker
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(http://clpex.com/phpBB/viewforum.php?f=2)
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UPDATES
ON CLPEX.com
Updated the Fingerprint Interest Group (FIG) page
with FIG #69; blood on wallboard; I. Farrell of Texas. You can send your example of unique distortion to
Charlie Parker:
Charles.Parker@ci.austin.tx.us.
For discussion, visit the CLPEX.com forum FIG thread.
Updated the forum Keeping Examiners Prepared for
Testimony (KEPT)
thread with KEPT #43; Expert Status - What makes you an expert?;
submitted
by Michelle Triplett. You can send your
questions on courtroom topics to Michelle Triplett:
Michele.Triplett@kingcounty.gov
Updated the Detail Archives
_________________________________________
we looked at the introduction of an excellent general
psychology article on Confirmation Bias.
we look at an article that projects multi-modal
identification reducing the reliance on fingerprint AFIS systems, from:
http://www2.janes.com/public/jprcom/pprpdf/pdf/ppr_oct_nov08.pdf
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Revolutionary Ideas
Advances in alternative biometric identification techniques are threatening
US law enforcement agencies’ long-established reliance on automated
fingerprint identification.
CMaxineMost explains
Automated fingerprint identification systems (AFIS) were originally
introduced to the US in the 1980s and became the gold standard of positive
criminal identification in 1999 with the advent of the Federal Bureau of
Investigation’s (FBI) Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification
Systems. While the technology has proven consistently reliable and become a
foundational tool for the day-to-day business of global law enforcement,
this profound reliance on fingerprints is about to change. AFIS is on a
collision course with imminent technological advancement.
The competition Institutional confidence in the use of fingerprints and the
subsequent reliance on AFIS as the best available and most effective
biometric (measurement of a physical or behavioral characteristic) means of
identifying individuals, has been bolstered by an established infrastructure
dedicated to providing specialised technology and services.
There are now, however, a range of emerging biometric technologies that have
achieved the level of stability and reliability required to expand law
enforcement’s options for unique positive identification.
In addition, a fundamental shift from proprietary technology to
standards-based biometric capture and matching, along with the development
of standards-based platforms that enable integration of a broad range of
human identification options, have the potential to advance criminal
identification to a whole new level.
The three pillars of this law enforcement identification ‘revolution’ are:
development of advanced practical biometric capabilities development of
standards-based multiple identification technology platforms integration of
sophisticated methodologies and algorithms into systems that unite
conventional and emerging identification capabilities.
Advanced practical biometrics Automated fingerprint identification systems
have enjoyed the status of an effective, established biometric technology
that offers demonstrable benefits in the critical task of identifying and
prosecuting criminals.
Biometrics in general, however, have a less favorable reputation of
over-promising and under-performing. This dynamic is poised for change. Two
key factors are driving this – genuine technology capability and performance
improvements and, perhaps more importantly, a developing understanding of
how biometrics can be most effectively deployed to solve specific law
enforcement problems.
This is particularly true of both face and iris recognition. These
technologies have not only had vital image capture and processing issues
resolved, but also have extended their capabilities with the advent of very
high resolution, distance-based, high-quality image capture. These
developments – combined with the ability to extract reasonable face or iris
images from relatively standardised digital image capture devices – have
begun to position face and iris recognition as potential forensic biometrics
challenging AFIS’s unique position as the only biometric with forensic
capabilities.
Today, high-end face and iris capabilities are being primarily developed in
co-operation with the Department of Defense and federal law enforcement
agencies. However, this technology will begin to ‘trickle down’ to more
mainstream law enforcement applications in the next three to five years.
Other factors contributing to the emergence of advanced practical biometrics
include overall performance gains in capture and matching accuracy, lower
hardware and device costs, more experience in software and solution
development and integration, and the introduction of smaller form factors.
This has also led to an increase of mobile multibiometric devices that
enable various levels of local and centralised field-based identification
applications.
The bottom line is that a range of reliable identification options are now
widely available, reasonably priced and proven to be effective law
enforcement tools. Standards-based platforms AFIS systems have become
increasingly more sophisticated in terms of automated pre-processing of
images, information sharing across large multi-jurisdictional systems and
the speed and accuracy of matching. Yet, AFIS implementations remain
essentially closed systems of biometric identification.
There has been some progress in augmenting AFIS with other types of
identification – primarily palm prints and mugshots (the FBI’s Next
Generation Identification system is one example of this type of progress).
Nevertheless, these are not fully integrated
multi-biometric platforms.
Standards-based identification platforms that allow for the integration of a
range of biometrics offer a powerful alternative to the existing law
enforcement identification infrastructure.
Rather than looking at the evolution of law enforcement identification as
AFIS plus other biometrics (palm prints, mugshots, iris), a shift will occur
towards building a complete multibiometric profile.
Platforms will no longer be AFIS-centric – finely tuned and exclusively
focused on AFIS performance – but rather designed to be more biometric
neutral – relying on whatever biometric information is available.
Along with biometric neutrality, truly interoperable standards-based
biometric solutions will become commonplace. Enrollment and matching will be
performed on any system regardless of the initial capture device, biometric
template generation software, or matching algorithm used. These standard
platforms will not only improve law enforcement identification capabilities,
but will accelerate the on-going development of technology solutions on
offer as the market responds to an open, more flexible IT identification
environment that does not lock customers into a single vendor solution.
In this way standards-based platforms will encourage competition beyond
today’s ‘big four’ AFIS vendors – Sagem, Motorola, Cogent and NEC.
This type of platformwill also drive the next generation of biometric-based
identification solutions. The performance of any particular technology will
no longer be the driving force of solution development. The performance of a
range of technologies that together provide comprehensive identity
information, will be the key to success.
These standards-based platforms will not only include the ability to easily
integrate multiple biometrics from multiple sources within a single
environment, but also ‘true interoperability’ that allows for updating and
identification independent of the hardware or software used for either
process.
This requires the creation of a secure methodology for acquiring, storing,
and matching biometrics and more complex identification profiles that are
vendor independent. Though the leading AFIS vendors may fight the
inevitable, the rapidly-approaching future is one that focuses on the
integration of standardised technology, not the dominance and limitations of
proprietary solutions. And, one in which AFIS will no longer be the singular
focus, but rather one biometric element in a complex approach to criminal
identification.
Integrated advanced ID
Truly advanced identification platforms are not just about biometrics
matching, but more complex profile-matching that integrates and fuses
various identification technologies and methodologies in
multi-jurisdictional environments.
This evolution of a more sophisticated multiple identification technology
platform is poised to radically transform the business of law enforcement.
The combination of conventional identification methods – such as biographic
information and body marks – with this advanced technology will foster
complex, multilayered, multi-dimensional profiles that can be searched and
matched on any single identifier or any combination of identifiers. This
requires the creation of complex databases that enable advanced searching
capabilities. Data sourced from across the law enforcement community will be
searched and matched to continually enhance criminal profiles.
The future
This type of complex and multi-dimensional fusion is in many ways the ‘Holy
Grail’ of identification. Law enforcement agencies will have the tools to
quickly identify and distinguish threats from non-threats, focusing
resources on high-risk individuals.
This scenario is not a far-flung futuristic vision, but rather the
inevitable outcome of identification, database, platform, and searching and
matching algorithm capabilities that exist today. Most of the pieces are in
place. The challenge and the opportunity is to bring them together in a way
that provides a practical, high performance alternative to today’s automated
fingerprint identification systems.
While this is not a trivial undertaking, it is also not an insurmountable
one. In the end, the systems used today will morph and evolve over time.
First, into Automated Multiple Biometric Information Systems that rely on
the creation of more complete biometric profiles. And ultimately, into
Automated Multi-Modal Identification Systems where complex multi-mode
identification profiles give law enforcement officials highly-sophisticated
tools that save time, money, and lives.
CMaxine Most is the principal and founder of emerging technology strategy
and research consultancy, Acuity Market Intelligence, a CJIS Group partner.
October/November 2008 www.policereview.com
http://www2.janes.com/public/jprcom/pprpdf/pdf/ppr_oct_nov08.pdf
©Jane’s Information Group. All rights reserved. No
part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form
or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise, or be stored in any retrieval system of any nature, without
written permission of the copyright holder and the Publisher,
application for which shall be made to the publisher.
www.clpex.com makes such material available in an effort to advance
scientific understanding in the field of latent prints, thus
constituting a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided
for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17
U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is displayed without
profit to those who wish to view this information for research and/or
educational purposes. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this
site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain
permission from the copyright owner.
_________________________________________
KEPT
- Keeping Examiners Prepared for Testimony - #43
by Michele Triplett, King County
Sheriff's Office
Disclaimer: The intent of this is to
provide thought provoking discussion. No claims of accuracy exist.
Question – Expert Status:
What makes you an expert?
Possible Answers:
a)
I know more than the general public.
b)
My training and experience. My initial
training was for 2 years and each year I take continuing education classes.
In addition, I’ve worked in the fingerprint field for 8 years.
c)
I’ve qualified as an expert in several state and federal
court cases.
d)
I have a list of judges who have accepted my qualifications
as an expert.
e)
The 2 year on the job training program I completed helped
me acquire the education, knowledge, skills, and experience needed to
qualify as an expert. The International Association of
Identification certification test and my yearly proficiency tests ensure
that I continue to have the knowledge and ability to qualify as an expert.
Discussion:
Generally speaking, most experts should try to meet the
federal requirements of an expert. Even if you don’t work
for a federal agency it’s possible for a case to have a change of venue and
turn into a federal case.
Answer a: Some old training
programs have very low requirements for what qualifies someone as an expert.
Knowing more than the general public could be a very basic definition
but it doesn’t meet the ‘Federal Rules of Evidence’ requirement of an
expert.
Answer b: This is an
abbreviated answer and may not sufficiently qualify someone as an expert.
There are federal criteria that an expert should meet and just
because previous cases didn’t confirm your qualifications doesn’t mean that
it won’t happen in the future.
Answers c and d: These
answers are very similar. Just because you’ve testified
before doesn’t mean that the courts have checked that you met the criteria
under Federal Rules of Evidences, rule 702. Even thought
the Federal Rules of Evidence are specifically for federal cases, many
states have similar criteria.
Answer e: The Federal Rules
of Evidence (Rule 702) requires that an expert have skill, knowledge,
education, experience, and training. Jeff Barnes from the
FBI teaches the acronym SKEET to easily remember this criteria.
SKEET stands for skills, knowledge, education, experience, and
training.
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latent print examiners.
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Until next Monday morning, don't work too hard or too little.
Have a GREAT week!
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